36 Failure to obtain consent—informed consent was not solicited or obtained
37 Improper management of pregnancy—ultimate delivery had complications because problems were not spotted or properly treated during pregnancy
EXAMPLE: Baby suffered because physician never advised 40 year old mother to have amniosynthesis.
38 Failure to properly manage labor—adverse outcome resulted from incorrect procedural methods
EXAMPLE: Hemorrhaging went unnoticed because patient was left unattended.
39 Improper choice of delivery method—an inappropriate method of delivery was selected
40 Improperly performed vaginal delivery—delivery conducted incorrectly
EXAMPLE: Cut too much during episiotomy.
41 Delay in C-section—mother suffered unnecessarily or child was damaged because C-section was not promptly performed
42 Improperly performed C-section—adverse outcome resulted from incorrect procedural methods
EXAMPLE: Incision was made too high or too low.
43 Failure to identify fetal distress—failed to use fetal monitor or used a malfunctioning fetal monitor
44 Failure to treat fetal distress—failed to take appropriate action after fetal distress was identified
45 Delay to treat fetal distress—mother or child suffered because fetal distress was not treated in a timely manner
46 Wrongful life-birth
EXAMPLE: Vasectomy patient's spouse became pregnant.
Birth of a child born with Tay-Sachs disease could have been avoided had appropriate diagnostic tests been conducted.
47 Abandonment—patient's treatment was prematurely discontinued
48 Other obstetrics-related error—obstetrical error not specified above